Varnish – tips trick #1

Here’s varnish tips trick number 1

How to check varnish rule? Create a file (ie: check-varnish.sh) with this content:

#!/bin/bash
varnishd -C -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl

How to check top domain on multi domain varnish configuration? Create a file (ie: check-top-domain.sh) with this content:

#!/bin/bash
varnishtop -i RxHeader -C -I ^Host

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Howto monitor ntp server with mrtg

I’m currently maintain several ntp servers that listed in ntppool.org.
Average of all ntp servers listed there, there must be monitoring using mrtg.
After a little searching and asking questions on the mailing list. Here’s my configuration:
———————getntp.pl———————

################################## 
#getntp.pl 
#source : http://www.satsignal.eu/ntp/NTPandMRTG.html 
#budiw 20120728
$ntp_str = `ntpq -c rv $ARGV[0]`;
$val = (split(/\\,/,$ntp_str))[20];
$val =~ s/offset=//i;
$val = int ($val + 100);
if ($val < 0) {
$val = 0;
}
print "0\\n";
print "$val\\n";
print "0\\n";
print "0\\n";

 
—————–ntppackets.pl—————————

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
##################################
#ntppackets.pl
#source from ntp mailing lists
#http://lists.ntp.org/pipermail/pool/2012-July/006049.html
#### Options ####
my $uptimeprog = '/usr/bin/uptime'; # Set to program to give system uptime
my $hostnameprog = '/bin/hostname'; # Set to program to give system hostname
##### Nothing below here should have to be changed #####
# Clear path and get uptime
delete $ENV{PATH};
delete $ENV{BASH_ENV};
my $uptime = `$uptimeprog`;
chomp($uptime);
$uptime=substr($uptime,12);
my $hostname = `$hostnameprog`;
chomp($hostname);
my $received = 0;
my $sent = 0;
my $status = `/usr/bin/ntpdc -c iostats`;
if($status =~ m!received packets:\\s*(-?\\d+)!) {
$received=$1 + 2147483648;
}
if($status =~ m!packets sent:\\s*(-?\\d+)!) {
$sent=$1 + 2147483648;
}
print "$received\\n$sent\n$uptime\\n$hostname\\n";
-----------mrtg.conf---------------------------
#
# NTP Packets
#
Title[ntppackets]: XXX NTP packets
Target[ntppackets]: `/home/budiw/paket/ntp-mrtg/ntppackets.pl`
PageTop[ntppackets]: Received and sent NTP packets for yyy
MaxBytes[ntppackets]: 60000
Options[ntppackets]: growright, nopercent
YLegend[ntppackets]: #/s
ShortLegend[ntppackets]:
Legend1[ntppackets]: Received packets/s
Legend2[ntppackets]: Sent packets/s
Legend3[ntppackets]: Maximal 5 minute received packets/s
Legend4[ntppackets]: Maximal 5 minute sent packets/s
LegendI[ntppackets]:  received packets/s
LegendO[ntppackets]:  sent packets/s
WithPeak[ntppackets]: wmy
#
# NTP offsets
#
Target[xxx_ntp]: `perl /home/budiw/paket/ntp-mrtg/getntp.pl 127.0.0.1`
MaxBytes[xxx_ntp]: 100
MaxBytes2[xxx_ntp]: 200
Unscaled[xxx_ntp]: dwmy
Timezone[xxx_ntp]: GMT+7
Title[xxx_ntp]: NTP statistics for XXX - offset from NTP
Options[xxx_ntp]: integer, gauge, nopercent, growright
YLegend[xxx_ntp]: offset+100 ms
ShortLegend[xxx_ntp]: ms
LegendI[xxx_ntp]:
LegendO[xxx_ntp]: offset:
Legend1[xxx_ntp]: n/a
Legend2[xxx_ntp]: time offset in ms, with 100ms offset added to ensure it's positive!
PageTop[xxx_ntp]: NTP -- XXX

—————–
Here’s one example scripts on action:
NTP – Offsets+100ms

NTP – Received and sent NTP packets for alynne.blankon.in

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Installing Mailing List Manager a.k.a Mailman on Ubuntu 6.06

Mailman Logo
Mailman

Recently I Installed a mailing list manager on my mailserver. I use GNU’s mailman. It’s straightforward and simple and they have a web-based administration. I’m following this tutorial from wiki.ubuntu.com.

But unfortunately, this tutorial has some error in configuration. After a long search finally I found that, the line at /etc/mailman/mm_cfg.py should be MTA = None. But in the tutorial is MTA = Postfix.

The configuration error is not quickly found, because the mailing list is running as usual. I found this error on this situation.

My server is postfix and using virtual mail. I have a mailbox called dummybox@example.com. Then I create a lists called dummybox@lists.example.com. Everytime I send an email to dummybox@example.com, postfix try to deliver the email to mailman. And whoops, its error!

After changing MTA to None, this error dissapear.

Update #1:
I change the  MTA to None on wiki.ubuntu.com. Thank God it’s wiki, a collaborated pages. So I can change the error.

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How to setup login prompt and grub via serial console

In my Office, I use a relatively small computer devices. I setup those boxes as router, located in network panel room together with switch and cable closet. There’s no monitor or keyboard there. So when there’s any error, I need an quick solutions to see what happened while boot.

I tried this with Ubuntu 10.04. This tutorial is not compatible with Ubuntu below 10.04.

First we set the getty, so we can log-in through serial console.

$ sudo vi /etc/init/ttyS0.conf
# ttyS0 - getty
#
# This service maintains a getty on ttyS0 from the point the system is
# started until it is shut down again.

start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn
exec /sbin/getty -L 38400 ttyS0 vt102

Then we setup the grub loader so it can show on serial ports too. Just adjust your grub configuration with this configuration.

$sudo vi /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=1
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,38400n8"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
GRUB_TERMINAL=serial
GRUB_SERIAL_COMMAND="serial --speed=38400 --unit=0 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1"

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

After editing grub configuration, we update our grub with this command:

$sudo update-grub

Before we test the grub loader with serial, we should test the getty program. Now, on client computer, we install minicom program. I’m using USB2Serial that detected on port /dev/ttyUSB0. I use 38400 baud speed. Just adjust the 38400 with other speed if you like.

Let’s install the minicom program with this command:

$sudo apt-get install minicom

After that, launch the minicom program. Set the configuration like this. Press ^ao on the minicom screen.

+-----[configuration]------+
| Filenames and paths      |
| File transfer protocols  |
| Serial port setup        |
| Modem and dialing        |
| Screen and keyboard      |
| Save setup as dfl        |
| Save setup as..          |
| Exit                     |
+--------------------------+

Choose “Serial port setup”

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| A -    Serial Device      : /dev/ttyUSB0                              |
| B - Lockfile Location     : /var/lock                                 |
| C -   Callin Program      :                                           |
| D -  Callout Program      :                                           |
| E -    Bps/Par/Bits       : 38400 8N1                                 |
| F - Hardware Flow Control : No                                        |
| G - Software Flow Control : No                                        |
|                                                                       |
|    Change which setting?                                              |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

After done configurating, Save it as default by choosing “Save setup as dfl”. Then Let’s try to initialized the serial by pressing ^am . If success then we have a login prompt.

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS ro-bb-fa-fb-fe ttyS0                                           

ro-bb-fa-fb-fe login:

On the login screen we know that we use serial console by “ttyS0” It’s mean we use serial 0.

Reference:
[1]https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SerialConsoleHowto
[2]http://www.vanemery.com/Linux/Serial/serial-console.html

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